Hosting Asp.net Web Api Windows 7 – I was recently putting together an app as a personal project, and decided to try out the latest preview (issue 7) of ASP.Net Core. NET 7. I’m deploying this project on a server that never ran ASP. NET Core, and that deployment left me scratching my head for a while. So in case this problem affects others, here’s what happened to me:
I built an app myself, and it was running on my laptop under VS 2022. So I went to the .NET docs website to see what was needed to set this up on my server. Microsoft is quite active here, so there are already documentation pages for hosting ASP.Net Core 7 under IIS.
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Think simple In the past, there was some additional complexity regarding the difference between “in process” and “out of process” hosting for ASP.Net Core websites with IIS. But in current versions that seems to default to “in process” with sensible configuration. So I felt like I don’t need to do anything extra here.
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My server is running Windows Home Server 2016 – which appears to meet the above core O/S requirement. So it should be fine. I’ve deployed some previews before .NET 7 on this box, but not the ASP.Net Core bits. So I went to Preview 7’s download page and looked for the relevant bits:
Based on the information there, I took the hosting package from there and ran the installer – which ran without errors. I rebooted the server afterwards just to be safe.
Creating the IIS site was easy, and I disabled the .NET 4 runtime to leave it in a “no managed code” state as instructed:
With that, I exited Visual Studio, and fired up a browser in my freshly created website folder on the server:
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So I went and searched. It looks like an IIS error page rather than ASP.Net – so I went to the event log first. There’s nothing there – I can’t see any new events when I refresh the page. Looking at the site’s IIS logs I could see entries for the request, and they were marked as having returned with 500 errors – but you don’t get the details there. Just to check I tried enabling ASP.Net Core stdout logging for the app, but nothing gets created there. (surprising – a vanilla IIS error states .net was never called here)
Googling for stuff about “my ASP.Net Core app gives 500 error on IIS” brought back a collection of typical Stack Overflow and post responses. These seem to fall into several categories:
None of this was acceptable. My app was completely self-contained – so runtime configuration was not an issue. I tried to log in and got nothing. And I of course installed the hosting package. But I found a post that talked about how hosting packages can be messed up by missing system-level configuration. So I tried to look into it.
But this made me realize that IIS should have installed a module for ASP.Net Core hosting. When I went back and looked at my site’s IIS configuration, I couldn’t find this:
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(It’s also missing from the overall server configuration – so it’s not just a problem for my particular site)
Now this seems like a sensible root cause – if this module was missing, my site would never run – and IIS is asking “What am I doing to handle this code?” resulting error. (though I’m still not sure why I can’t see it in the event log)
And I looked for it. The file does not exist at all. So further proof that the module is missing.
Google didn’t help me with the specifications I found. But I stumbled upon a fix: I wondered if this “.NET 7 is bleeding too much to work on my server” problem, and the hosting provided for Asp.Net Core 6 instead. Tried to download the package. It’s available on the .NET 6 version of the hosting page cited above:
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I ran that, and bingo! Despite the version difference my site started working. And now I can even see the module on my site:
So there you have it. For reasons I can’t work out (there were no log errors about it – even in the detailed installer log) the .NET 7 Hosting Bundle installer didn’t work correctly on my server, but .NET 6 did. I wonder if it could be related to it being an old preview. NET 7 installed in the past? Visual Studio Code instructions use these. NET CLI for ASP.NET Core development tasks such as project creation. You can follow the instructions on macOS, Linux, or Windows, and with any code editor. Minor changes may be required if you are using something other than Visual Studio Code.
Select Debug > Start Debugging to launch the app. Visual Studio for Mac launches and navigates to a browser
Swagger is used to generate useful documentation and help pages for Web APIs. This tutorial focuses on building a Web API. For more information about Swagger, see the ASP.NET Core Web API documentation with Swagger/OpenAPI.
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There are a set of classes that represent the data that the app manages. The model of this app is
Main is the class that coordinates Entity Framework functionality for the data model. This class is created by deriving from the Microsoft.EntityFrameworkCore.DbContext class.
In ASP.NET Core, services such as DB context must be registered with the Dependency Injection (DI) container. The container provides a service to the controllers.
The token is not in the route pattern, the name (alias) of the action is not included in the endpoint. That is, the corresponding method name is not used in the matching path.
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The app uses an in-memory database. If the app stops and starts up, the previous GET request will not return any data. If no data is returned, POST the data to the app.
Methods are of type ActionResult . ASP.NET Core automatically serializes the object to JSON and writes JSON to the body of the response message. The response code for this return type is 200 OK, assuming there is no unhandled exception. Unhandled exceptions are translated into 5xx errors.
A request requires the client to send the entire update entity, not just the changes. To support partial updates, use HTTP PATCH.
This template uses an in-memory database that must be initialized every time the app starts. A number must be in the database before the PUT call is made. Before calling PUT call GET to make sure there is an item in the database.
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Thing. Production apps usually limit the data that is input and returned with a subset of the model. There are many reasons behind this and security is a major one. This subset of models is commonly referred to as data transfer objects (DTOs), input models, or view models. DTOs are used in this tutorial.
The secret area needs to be hidden from this app, but an administrative app may choose to expose it.
Because Swagger will be deprecated, the preceding markup replaces the URL that is launched in the GET method of the controller added in the following sections.
There are a set of classes that represent the data that the app manages. The model of this app is a
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Token is not in the route pattern, action name is excluded from the route. That is, the corresponding method name is not used in the matching path.
The preceding code is an HTTP POST method, as indicated by the [HttpPost] attribute. This method gets the value of the to-do number from the body of the HTTP request.
The following example assumes that you are still in an httprepl session. If you have completed a previous httprepl session, replace
The [HttpGet] attribute represents a method that responds to an HTTP GET request. The URL path for each method is constructed as follows:
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, except that it uses HTTP PUT. The response is 204 (No Content). According to the HTTP specification, a PUT request requires the client to send the entire update entity, not just the changes. To support partial updates, use HTTP PATCH.
Select Run > Start Debugging to launch the app. Visual Studio for Mac launches and navigates to a browser
The Location header URI can be tested in the browser. Copy and paste the Location header URI into the browser.
Thing. Production apps typically limit data input and return with a subset of the model. There are many reasons behind this and security is a major one. This subset of models is commonly referred to as data transfer objects (DTOs), input models, or view models. DTOs are used in this article.
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Visual Studio Code instructions use the .NET Core CLI for ASP.NET Core development tasks such as project creation. You can follow these instructions on any platform (macOS, Linux or Windows) and with any code editor. Minor changes may be required if you are using something other than Visual Studio
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